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Criteria by which the qualities of architecture are assessed – Past
Vitruvius De Architectura:
Commodity, firmness, delight
.
Taxis:
“balanced adjustment of the details of all work separately, and, as to the whole, the arrangement of the proportion with a view to a symmetrical result.”
(Book I, chapter II, Para 2).
Classical architecture: the poetics of order
. Alexander Tzonis, Ljane Lefaivre. MIT press
“
Taxis
constrains the placing of the architectural elements that populate a building by establishing successions of logically organised divisions of space.”
Aristotle. Poetics,
book 7, paragraph 35.
Taxis
: the orderly arrangement of parts.
Ruskin
Repose
, or "
divine permanence as it is expressed in material things
. in Voll2 of
Modern Painters:
(1846) is either a simple appearance of permanence
and quietness (...] or else it is repose proper, the rest of things in which there is vitality or capability of motion acted or imagined; and with respect to these the expression of
repose is greater in proportion to the amount and sublimity of the action which is
not
taking place, as well as to the intensity of the negation of it.” (Works IV. 114-15)
Weale and Hunt 1891
Magnitude & Solidity; qualities that affect the eye
Order & Harmony: Qualities that affect the understanding
Richness and Simplicity; excite the affections – taste is the principle guide
Construction; solidity and strength [“firmness”]
Design & disposition: order and harmony
Decoration richness or simplicity.
Belcher, John, “Essentials In Architecture”
an analysis of the principles & qualities to be looked for in buildings. 1907.
Principles. Truth, beauty.
Qualities: strength, vitality, restraint, refinement, repose, grace, breadth, scale.
Factors: proportion, light and shade, colour, solids and voids, balance and symmetry.
Materials: stone, wood, metals; brick, terracotta, cement etc.
Stephen Levrant : Heritage Architecture